Tagalog - Revision history

Kmeexo: /* Vowels */

2025-09-26T08:25:16Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:25, 26 September 2025
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	=== Vowels ===		=== Vowels ===
	~~(Provide vowel inventory.)~~

	a e i o u		a e i o u

Kmeexo: /* Grammar */

2025-09-23T06:14:40Z

Grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:14, 23 September 2025
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	kami = we (excluding the listener)		kami = we (excluding the listener)


			==== 🗺️ Verb System ====
			Tagalog verbs are marked for aspect (not tense), focus/voice, and mood.

			Aspects (completed, incompleted, contemplated)

			kumain → ate (completed)

			kumakain → eating (incompleted/ongoing)

			kakain → will eat (contemplated/future)

			Focus system (voices)

			Focus indicates the role of the subject:

			Actor-focus: kumain ang bata ng mangga ("The child ate mango")

			Object-focus: kinain ng bata ang mangga ("The mango was eaten by the child")



			==== 🗺️ Noun Structure ====
			Plurals: marked with mga before the noun.

			bata → mga bata (children)

			Possessives: formed with genitive pronouns or markers.

			libro ko (my book)

			bahay ng guro (the teacher’s house)

			Cases (marked by particles):

			Nominative (focus/subject): ang/si/sina

			Genitive (non-focus agent/possessor): ng/ni/nina

			Oblique (location, direction, beneficiary): sa/kay/kina



			==== 🗺️ Other Features ====
			Reduplication: used for aspect, intensity, plurality.

			bili (buy) → bumibili (buying) → bibili (will buy)

			araw (day) → araw-araw (every day)

			Linkers: -ng / na connect modifiers.

			magandang bahay (beautiful house)

			Particles: express emphasis, mood, politeness.

			ba (question marker): Kumain ka ba? (Did you eat?)

			po/ho (politeness markers).

			No gendered pronouns: siya means both “he” and “she”.

			Evidence/context markers aren’t grammaticalized like in some Austronesian languages, but particles (yata, daw/raw) show hearsay, uncertainty, or inference.

			Umuulan daw. (They say it’s raining.)

			Umuulan yata. (It seems it’s raining.)

	== Vocabulary ==		== Vocabulary ==

Kmeexo: /* 🗺️ Pronouns */

2025-09-23T06:12:17Z

🗺️ Pronouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:12, 23 September 2025
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	\| 3rd pl \|\| sila (they) \|\| nila \|\| sa kanila		\| 3rd pl \|\| sila (they) \|\| nila \|\| sa kanila
	\|}		\|}

			Inclusive vs. exclusive "we":

			tayo = we (including the listener)

			kami = we (excluding the listener)

	== Vocabulary ==		== Vocabulary ==

Kmeexo: /* Word Order */

2025-09-23T06:10:34Z

Word Order

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:10, 23 September 2025
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	== Grammar ==		== Grammar ==

	==== Word Order ====		==== 🗺️ Word Order ====
	'''Default word order:''' Verb–Subject–Object (VSO)		'''Default word order:''' Verb–Subject–Object (VSO)

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	Word order is determined more by focus markers (ang, ng, sa) than by position.		Word order is determined more by focus markers (ang, ng, sa) than by position.

			==== 🗺️ Pronouns ====
	~~'''~~Pronouns~~:'''~~
	Tagalog pronouns mark case (nominative, genitive, oblique) and number (singular/plural), sometimes inclusivity.		Tagalog pronouns mark case (nominative, genitive, oblique) and number (singular/plural), sometimes inclusivity.

Kmeexo: /* Grammar */

2025-09-23T06:08:52Z

Grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:08, 23 September 2025
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	== Grammar ==		== Grammar ==

			==== Word Order ====
	'''Default word order:''' Verb–Subject–Object (VSO)		'''Default word order:''' Verb–Subject–Object (VSO)

Kmeexo: /* Grammar */

2025-09-23T06:07:53Z

Grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:07, 23 September 2025
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	Word order is determined more by focus markers (ang, ng, sa) than by position.		Word order is determined more by focus markers (ang, ng, sa) than by position.

	'''~~Default word order~~:'''
			'''Pronouns:'''
	Tagalog pronouns mark case (nominative, genitive, oblique) and number (singular/plural), sometimes inclusivity.		Tagalog pronouns mark case (nominative, genitive, oblique) and number (singular/plural), sometimes inclusivity.

Kmeexo: /* Grammar */

2025-09-23T06:07:25Z

Grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:07, 23 September 2025
Line 32:		Line 32:
	Word order is determined more by focus markers (ang, ng, sa) than by position.		Word order is determined more by focus markers (ang, ng, sa) than by position.

			'''Default word order:'''
	Tagalog pronouns mark case (nominative, genitive, oblique) and number (singular/plural), sometimes inclusivity.		Tagalog pronouns mark case (nominative, genitive, oblique) and number (singular/plural), sometimes inclusivity.

Kmeexo: /* Grammar */

2025-09-23T06:06:36Z

Grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:06, 23 September 2025
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	Tagalog pronouns mark case (nominative, genitive, oblique) and number (singular/plural), sometimes inclusivity.		Tagalog pronouns mark case (nominative, genitive, oblique) and number (singular/plural), sometimes inclusivity.

	Person Nominative (subject) Genitive (possessor) Oblique (object, location)		{\| class="wikitable"
	1st sg ako (I) ko (my) sa akin (to me)		! Person !! Nominative (subject) !! Genitive (possessor) !! Oblique (object, location)
	2nd sg ikaw/ka (you) mo (your) sa iyo (to you)		\|-
	3rd sg siya (he/she) niya (his/her) sa kanya (to him/her)		\| 1st sg \|\| ako (I) \|\| ko (my) \|\| sa akin (to me)
	1st pl excl. kami (we excl.) namin sa amin		\|-
	1st pl incl. tayo (we incl.) natin sa atin		\| 2nd sg \|\| ikaw/ka (you) \|\| mo (your) \|\| sa iyo (to you)
	2nd pl kayo (you all) ninyo sa inyo		\|-
	3rd pl sila (they) nila sa kanila		\| 3rd sg \|\| siya (he/she) \|\| niya (his/her) \|\| sa kanya (to him/her)
			\|-
			\| 1st pl excl. \|\| kami (we excl.) \|\| namin \|\| sa amin
			\|-
	~~=====Template =====~~		\| 1st pl incl. \|\| tayo (we incl.) \|\| natin \|\| sa atin
	* '''Word order:''' (e.g., Subject–Verb–Object, Verb–Subject–Object)		\|-
	* '''Pronouns:''' (list with examples)		\| 2nd pl \|\| kayo (you all) \|\| ninyo \|\| sa inyo
	* '''Verb system:''' (tense, aspect, mood, affixes)		\|-
	* '''Noun structure:''' (plurals, possessives, cases)		\| 3rd pl \|\| sila (they) \|\| nila \|\| sa kanila
	* '''Other features:''' (e.g., reduplication, evidentials)		\|}

	== Vocabulary ==		== Vocabulary ==

Kmeexo: /* Grammar */

2025-09-23T06:05:38Z

Grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:05, 23 September 2025
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	Word order is determined more by focus markers (ang, ng, sa) than by position.		Word order is determined more by focus markers (ang, ng, sa) than by position.


			Tagalog pronouns mark case (nominative, genitive, oblique) and number (singular/plural), sometimes inclusivity.

			Person Nominative (subject) Genitive (possessor) Oblique (object, location)
			1st sg ako (I) ko (my) sa akin (to me)
			2nd sg ikaw/ka (you) mo (your) sa iyo (to you)
			3rd sg siya (he/she) niya (his/her) sa kanya (to him/her)
			1st pl excl. kami (we excl.) namin sa amin
			1st pl incl. tayo (we incl.) natin sa atin
			2nd pl kayo (you all) ninyo sa inyo
			3rd pl sila (they) nila sa kanila

Kmeexo: /* Grammar */

2025-09-23T06:04:14Z

Grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:04, 23 September 2025
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	== Grammar ==		== Grammar ==

	Default word order: Verb–Subject–Object (VSO)		'''Default word order:''' Verb–Subject–Object (VSO)

	Example: Kumain ang bata ng mangga.		Example: Kumain ang bata ng mangga.